The Fundamental Duties enshrined in the Indian Constitution serve as a reminder to citizens of their responsibilities towards the nation, complementing the Fundamental Rights. These duties were added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976 and later expanded by the 86th Amendment in 2002. They are outlined in Article 51A and consist of eleven duties that every citizen is expected to uphold.
List of Fundamental Duties
1. Abide by the Constitution: Respect its ideals and institutions, including the National Flag and National Anthem.
2. Cherish Noble Ideals: Follow the principles that inspired India's struggle for freedom.
4. Defend the Country: Render national service when called upon.
5. Promote Harmony: Foster brotherhood among all citizens, transcending diversities, and renounce practices derogatory to women.
6. Preserve Heritage: Value and protect India's rich composite culture.
7. Protect Environment: Improve the natural environment and show compassion for living creatures.
8.Develop Scientific Temper: Encourage humanism and a spirit of inquiry and reform.
9. Safeguard Public Property: Abjure violence and safeguard public assets.
10. Strive for Excellence: Aim for excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity.
11.Provide Education Opportunities: Ensure education for children aged 6 to 14 years.
Significance of Fundamental Duties
- They instill a sense of responsibility among citizens, promoting active participation in governance.
- While they are not legally enforceable (non-justiciable), they guide citizens towards ethical behavior and civic responsibility.
- They emphasize that rights come with corresponding duties, fostering a balanced view of citizenship.
In summary, Fundamental Duties are integral to fostering responsible citizenship in India, reminding individuals that alongside enjoying rights, they also have obligations to their country and fellow citizens.
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