Saturday, 28 May 2022

Allahabad high court: Appeal U/S 14A of SC & ST Atrocities Act is maintainable against the order of summoning of accused under said Act.

This, we hold also in light of our finding that the word "order" as occurring in sub-section(1) of Section 14A would also include intermediate orders."

In Girish Kumar Suneja v. CBI (Supra), Honble Apex Court in

para 21 has specifically stated referring the judgement of

Madhu Limaye Vs. State of Maharashtra (1997) 4 SCC 551

that taking cognizance of an offence and summoning the

accused is intermediate order, thus impugned summoning order

dated 16.02.2022 is an intermediate order.

Now it is to be seen whether Application U/s 482 Cr.P.C. lies

against the impugned summoning order dated 16.02.2022 or

appeal will lie under Section 14A(1) of the S.C./S.T. Act.

Relevant portion of Section 14A(1) of the S.C./S.T. Act. are

quoted below for ready reference:

"14A. Appeals.- (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974), an appeal shall lie, from any judgment, sentence or order, not being an interlocutory order, of a Special Court or an Exclusive Special Court, to the High Court both on facts and on law."From the perusal of provisions of Section 14A(1) of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities Act), 1989, it is clear that an Appeal shall lie from any judgement, cognizance order, order not being interlocutory order of Special Court, or an exclusive SpecialCourt to the High Court, both on facts and on law."

Full Bench of this Court in Re: Provision of Section 14a of

SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Amendment Act, 2015 while

answering question B has specifically stated- "we hold also in

light of our finding that the word "order" as occurring in subsection(1) of Section 14A would also include intermediate

orders.

Thus if any intermediate order is passed by Special Court or an

exclusive Special Court in case relating to an offence in the

S.C./S.T. Act, that will come in the category of order as

provided under Section 14A(1) of SC/ST Act against which

only an appeal shall lie before the High Court, both on facts and

on law.

In view of the above discussion, I am of the considered opinion

that Application U/s 482 Cr.P.C. cannot be filed against

summoning order dated 16.02.2022 passed by Learned II

Additional Sessions Judge/ Special Judge, S.C./S.T. Act,

Lakhimpur Kheri.

ALLAHABAD HIGH COURT

Case :- APPLICATION U/S 482 No. - 2763 of 2022

Applicant :- Anuj Kumar @ Sanjay And Others

Opposite Party :- State Of U.P. Thru. Prin. Secy. Home Deptt.

Lko. And Others

Author: Hon'ble Anil Kumar Ojha,J.

Order Date :- 25.5.2022

Heard learned counsel for the applicants, learned A.G.A. for the

State and perused the record.

Applicants have filed this application with following prayers:-

"Wherefore, it is most respectfully prayed in the interest of justice that this

Hon'ble Court may kindly be pleased to allow this application U/s 482

Cr.P.C. and quash the impugned charge-sheet and summoning order dated

16-2-2022, passed by Learned II Additional Sessions Judge/ Special

Judge, S.C./S.T. Act, Lakhimpur Kheri summoning the applicants to face

trial vide Special Sessions Trial No. 93/2022, Crime No. 314/2020, U/s

323/504/506 I.P.C. & 3(1) द, ध of the Act, Police Station- Neemgaon,

District- Lakhimpur Kheri, contained as Annexures No. 1 and 2 to this

application.

It is further prayed that this Hon'ble Court may kindly be pleased to quash

the entire criminal proceedings pending against the applicants in the court

of Learned II Additional Sessions Judge/ Special Judge, S.C./S.T. Act,

Lakhimpur Kheri vide Special Sessions Trial No. 93/2022, Crime No. 314/

2020, U/s 323/504/506 I.P.C. & 3(1) द, ध of the Act, Police Station-

Neemgaon, District- Lakhimpur Kheri in pursuance of the impugned

charge sheet and summoning order, contained as Annexures No. 1 and 2 to

this application.

It is further prayed that this Hon'ble Court may kindly be pleased to issue

a direction commanding the concerned court below to decide the bail

application of the applicants providing them the benefit of the legal

proposition laid down by the Hon'ble Apex Court in the reported case

Satender Kumar Antil vs. Central Bureau of Investigation & Another,

2021(4) Crimes 139 (S.C.)."

In Girish Kumar Suneja v. CBI, (2017) 14 SCC 809, three

Judge Bench of Hon'ble Apex Court has made following

observations in para nos. 21, 22 and 23:

"21. The concept of an intermediate order was further elucidated in

Madhu Limaye v. State of Maharashtra by contradistinguishing a final

order and an interlocutory order. This decision lays down the principle

that an intermediate order is one which is interlocutory in nature but when

reversed, it has the effect of terminating the proceedings and thereby

resulting in a final order. Two such intermediate orders immediately come

to mind-an order taking cognizance of an offence and summoning an

accused and an order for framing charges. Prima facie these orders are

interlocutory in nature, but when an order taking cognizance and

summoning an accused is reversed, it has the effect of terminating the

proceedings against that person resulting in a final order in his or her

favour. Similarly, an order for framing of charges if reversed has the effect

of discharging the accused person and resulting in a final order in his or

her favour. Therefore, an intermediate order is one which if passed in a

certain way, the proceedings would terminate but if passed in another

way, the proceedings would continue.

22. The view expressed in Amar Nath and Madhu Limaye was followed in

K.K. Patel v. State of Gujarat wherein a revision petition was filed

challenging the taking of cognizance and issuance of a process. It was

said :

It is now well-nigh settled that in deciding whether an order challenged is

interlocutory or not as for Section 397(2) of the Code, the sole test is not

whether such order was passed during the interim stage (vide Amar Nath

v. State of Haryana, Madhu Limaye v. State of Maharashtra, V.C. Shukla v.

State through CBI and Rajendra Kumar Sitaram Pande v. Uttam. The

feasible test is whether by upholding the objections raised by a party, it

would result in culminating the proceedings, if so any order passed on

such objections would not be merely interlocutory in nature as envisaged

in Section 397(2) of the Code. In the present case, if the objection raised

by the appellants were upheld by the Court the entire prosecution

proceedings would have been terminated. Hence, as per the said standard,

the order was revisable."

23. We may note that in different cases, different expressions are used for

the same category of orders-sometimes it is called an intermediate order,

sometimes a quasi-final order and sometimes it is called an order that is a

matter of moment. Our preference is for the expression "intermediate

order" since that brings out the nature of the order more explicitly."

From the perusal of the prayer made by applicants, it is clear

that applicants have prayed to quash the summoning order

dated 16.02.2022 passed by II Additional Sessions Judge/

Special Judge, S.C./S.T. Act, Lakhimpur Kheri, which reads as

follows:

"16.02.2022-

{Vernaculars omitted}

In Re: Provision of Section 14a of SC/ST (Prevention of

Atrocities) Amendment Act, 2015, full Bench of this Court has

held as follows:

"B. Whether in view of the provisions contained in Section 14-A of the

Amending Act, a petition under the provisions of Article 226/227 of the

Constitution of India or a revision under Section 397 of the Code of

Criminal Procedure or a petition under Section 482 Cr.P.C., is

maintainable. OR in other words, whether by virtue of Section 14-A of the

Amending Act, the powers of the High Court under Articles 226/227 of the

Constitution or its revisional powers or the powers under Section 482

Cr.P.C. stand ousted?

We therefore answer Question (B) by holding that while the constitutional

and inherent powers of this Court are not "ousted" by Section 14A, they

cannot be invoked in cases and situations where an appeal would lie

under Section 14A. Insofar as the powers of the Court with respect to the

revisional jurisdiction is concerned, we find that the provisions of Section

397 Cr.P.C. stand impliedly excluded by virtue of the special provisions

made in Section 14A. This, we hold also in light of our finding that the

word "order" as occurring in sub-section(1) of Section 14A would also

include intermediate orders."

In Girish Kumar Suneja v. CBI (Supra), Honble Apex Court in

para 21 has specifically stated referring the judgement of

Madhu Limaye Vs. State of Maharashtra (1997) 4 SCC 551

that taking cognizance of an offence and summoning the

accused is intermediate order, thus impugned summoning order

dated 16.02.2022 is an intermediate order.

Now it is to be seen whether Application U/s 482 Cr.P.C. lies

against the impugned summoning order dated 16.02.2022 or

appeal will lie under Section 14A(1) of the S.C./S.T. Act.

Relevant portion of Section 14A(1) of the S.C./S.T. Act. are

quoted below for ready reference:

"14A. Appeals.- (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of

Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974), an appeal shall lie, from any

judgment, sentence or order, not being an interlocutory order, of a Special

Court or an Exclusive Special Court, to the High Court both on facts and

on law."From the perusal of provisions of Section 14A(1) of the Scheduled

Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities Act), 1989, it is

clear that an Appeal shall lie from any judgement, cognizance order, order

not being interlocutory order of Special Court, or an exclusive Special

Court to the High Court, both on facts and on law."

Full Bench of this Court in Re: Provision of Section 14a of

SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Amendment Act, 2015 while

answering question B has specifically stated- "we hold also in

light of our finding that the word "order" as occurring in subsection(

1) of Section 14A would also include intermediate

orders.

Thus if any intermediate order is passed by Special Court or an

exclusive Special Court in case relating to an offence in the

S.C./S.T. Act, that will come in the category of order as

provided under Section 14A(1) of SC/ST Act against which

only an appeal shall lie before the High Court, both on facts and

on law.

In view of the above discussion, I am of the considered opinion

that Application U/s 482 Cr.P.C. cannot be filed against

summoning order dated 16.02.2022 passed by Learned II

Additional Sessions Judge/ Special Judge, S.C./S.T. Act,

Lakhimpur Kheri.

Perusal of prayer further reveals that prayer has also been made

to issue a direction commanding the court below to decide the

bail application of the applicants providing them the benefit of

the legal proposition laid down by the Hon'ble Apex Court in

the reported case Satender Kumar Antil vs. Central Bureau of

Investigation & Another, (2021) 10 SCC 773.

In Satender Kumar Antil (supra), the Hon'ble Apex Court has

issued guidelines to trial courts and High Courts to keep them

in mind while considering the bail applications. A copy of the

aforesaid judgment was also ordered to be circulated to the

Registrars of different High Courts to be further circulated to

the trial courts so that necessary bail matters do not come up

before Hon'ble Apex Court. Relevant portion of Satender

Kumar Antil (supra) is quoted as under:-

"5. The trial courts and the High Courts will keep in mind the aforesaid

guidelines while considering bail applications. The caveat which has been

put by the learned ASG is that where the accused have not cooperated in

the investigation non appeared before the investigating officers, nor

answered summons when the courts feels that judicial custody of the

accused is necessary for the completion of the trial, where further

investigation including a possible recovery is needed, the aforesaid

approach cannot give them benefit, something we agree with.

10. A copy of this order be circulated to the Registrars of the different

High Courts to be further circulated to the trial courts so that the

necessary bail matters do not come up to this Court."

During the course of arguments, Advocates complained that

Districts Courts do not follow dictum of Satender Kumar Antil

(supra) unless specifically directed by the High Court. This is a

sorry state of affair. The law laid down by the Hon'ble Apex

Court in Satender Kumar Antil (supra) is law of land and is

binding upon all courts in India.

Hence, there is no need to issue a direction to the trial court

concerned to decide the bail application applying the legal

proposition laid down by the Hon'ble Apex Court in the

reported case Satender Kumar Antil (supra).

However, it would be appropriate that a copy of this order be

sent to the Registrar General of Allahabad High Court, who if

required may issue circular to all the courts in the State of Uttar

Pradesh under subordination of High Court of Judicature at

Allahabad to follow the law laid down by the Hon'ble Apex

Court in Satender Kumar Antil (supra).

This Application U/s 482 Cr.P.C. is disposed of with the

observation that applicants are permitted to file fresh petition

before the appropriate forcum.

Order Date :- 25.5.2022


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