Saturday, 16 October 2021

Should the court reject an application for amendment of plaint if a new suit on the amended claims would be barred by limitation on the date of application?

 Shri A.M. Sudame relies on the decision of the Hon'ble Apex Court in Revajeetu Builders and Developers v. Narayanswamy and Sons and others reported in (2009) 10 SCC 84 in which some basic principles which ought to be taken in to consideration while dealing with application for amendment are stated thus :

“63. On critically analysing both the English and Indian

cases, some basic principles emerge which ought to be taken

into consideration while allowing or rejecting the

application for amendment :

(1) whether the amendment sought is imperative

for proper and effective adjudication of the case;

(2) whether the application for amendment is

bona fide or mala fide;

(3) the amendment should not cause such

prejudice to the other side which cannot be compensated

adequately in terms of money;

(4) refusing amendment would in fact lead to

injustice or lead to multiple litigation;

(5) whether the proposed amendment

constitutionally or fundamentally changes the nature and

character of the case; and

(6) as a general rule, the court should decline

amendments if a fresh suit on the amended claims would be

barred by limitation on the date of application.

These are some of the important factors which may be kept

in mind while dealing with application filed under Order VI

Rule 17. These are only illustrative and not exhaustive.”

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY,

NAGPUR BENCH, NAGPUR.

WRIT PETITION NO.364 OF 2017

 Amartya Surendra Deshmukh, Vs  Sau. Sheela w/o Rameshrao Deshmukh,


CORAM : ROHIT B. DEO, J.

DATED : 30 th AUGUST, 2018.

Citation: 2018(5) ALL MR 878, 2018(6) AIR Bom R 72


Heard Shri A.M. Sudame, learned Counsel for the

petitioners and Shri A.S. Dhore, learned Counsel for respondents 1 to

5.

2. The petitioners are aggrieved by the order dated

0712017

rendered by the learned District Judge5,

Amravati in

Regular Civil Appeal 26/2015, by and under which the plaintiffsrespondents

1 o 5 herein in Regular Civil Suit 608/2012 are permitted

to amend the suit plaint.

3. Respondent 1 is the wife of respondent 6 and respondents

2 and 3 are unmarried daughter and son respectively while

respondents 4 and 5 are married daughters of respondent 6.

4. The case of the petitioners is that respondent 6 is the sole

owner of agricultural land admeasuring 2 H. 6 R., which land was

exclusively owned by Late Krushnarao Deshmukh, who died intestate

and the property devolved upon respondent 6 as ClassI

heir. The

petitioners contend that by agreement dated 11112010

they agreed

to purchase the said agricultural land admeasuring 2 H. 6 R. (suit

property) for a consideration of Rs.22.50 Lakh. In view of the payment

of Rs.9.30 Lakh to respondent 6, saledeed

in respect of 1 H 21 R

portion of the suit property was executed in favour of the petitioners

and the possession delivered. The petitioners further contend that they

were ready and willing to purchase the remaining portion of the suit

property, however, respondents 1 to 5 issued legal notice calling upon

the petitioners to cancel the saledeed

of the portion of the suit

property contending that the suit property is ancestral and respondent

6 has no right to alienate the same. The notice was suitably replied by

the petitioners.

5. Respondents 1 to 5 instituted Regular Civil Suit 608/2012

seeking declaration and permanent injunction against the petitioners

and respondent 6, which came to be dismissed by judgment and decree

dated 2812015.

The trial Court held that the suit property was

individual property, having inherited the same from Krushnarao.

6. Respondent 1 to 5 challenged the judgment and decree in

Regular Civil Suit 608/2012 in Regular Civil Appeal 26/2015. In

appeal, respondents 1 to 5 preferred an application under Order VI

Rule 17 of the Civil Procedure Code (“Code” for short) for permission

to amend the plaint. This application dated 2632015

was allowed by

the appellate Court by order dated 0742015,

which order was

challenged by the petitioners before this Court in Writ Petition

2668/2015. The said petition was allowed by order dated 2042016

and the operative part reads thus :

“The order passed by the learned District Judge3,

Amravati dated 07042015

in Regular Civil Appeal

No.26/2015 impugned in this petition is quashed and set

aside.

The respondents/appellants may file fresh

application for amendment, if they are so advised, before

the learned District Judge, Amravati. Needless to state

that the learned District Judge, before whom the appeal is

pending or before whom the application would be moved,

shall decide the same on its own merits and by giving equal

opportunity of hearing to the petitioners and contesting

respondent/s.

Rule is made absolute in the aforesaid terms. No

costs.”

7. Respondents 1 to 5 moved a fresh application under Order

VI Rule 17 of the Code and sought to incorporate paragraph 4A,

which

reads thus :

“4A.

That the father of the defendant No.2 namely

Krushnarao was a son of Ramchandra Sonaji Deshmukh

and before adoption he was known as “Vishwas”. That he

was born to Ramchandra and lateron when he was about

aged 2 years he was given in adoption to Baliramji. That

after the death of Baliramji he was adopted by Umabai wife

of Baliramji Deshmukh and the name of “Vishwas” was

changed in adoption as “Krushna” and thereafter he was

known as “Krushna” Baliramji Deshmukh. That the said

adoption had taken place on 0381922

and as a adopted

son of Baliramji he inherited the suit property being the

adopted son. That Umabai the wife of Baliramji Deshmukh

expired on 1691931

and Krushna being the adopted son

inherited the suit property as son and used to cultivate the

suit property. Thus it is crystal clear that the suit property

inherited by Krushna is the ancestral property and as such

all the plaintiffs after their birth become coparceners of the

undivided ancestral joint Hindu familyproperty

and thus

all the plaintiffs have equal share in the suit property and

the defendant No.2 Ramesh alone has no powers to dispose

of the said suit property in any way or to create any

encumbrances thereon unless there is a family necessity.

That from the income from the ancestral joint Hindu family

property some land was purchased by Krushnarao and,

therefore, it is also a joint Hindu coparcenary property.

That the entire original property was belonging to

Baliramji.”

8. Respondents 1 to 5 averred thus in paragraphs 2 and 3 of

the application seeking amendment :

“2. That after judgment and decree passed by the

Hounourable Civil Judge, Senior Division, Amravati in

Regular Civil Suit No.308/2012 (old Special Civil Suit

No.158/2011) the appellants had approached to the

present counsel along with all record and while perusing

the said record the counsel for the appellants came across

the certified copies of the mutation entries from where he

noticed that the said material document was not at all

filed on record and was not referred. That the document

being material having bearing on the decision on merits

and being very material document to decide the case and

the rights of the parties the amendment was proposed and

the said amendment was also allowed.

3) That recently on verification of the revenue record

the appellants got knowledge regarding origin of the

ownership of the property which clearly demonstrates that

the property described in the plaint was the ancestral

coparcenary joint Hindu family – property. That in view

of the judgment and order of the Honourable High Court it

has become necessary for just decision in the matter to

amend the plaint narrating all the facts therein and,

therefore, the appellants propose the amendment to the

plaint as under.”

9. By the order impugned, the appellate Court was pleased to

allow the application seeking permission to amend the suit plaint and

while considering the objection that in the teeth of proviso to Order VI

Rule 17 of the Code, which provides that no application for

amendment shall be allowed after the trial has commenced unless the

court comes to the conclusion that inspite of due diligence, the party

could not have raised the matter before the commencement of trial, the

appellate Court observed thus :

“3. Having gone through the record and submissions of

the parties, I found that there is pleading about the

property being ancestral. The appellants as contended by

them got the documents recently and from that, it can be

seen whether the property is ancestral or not. The

appellants have no knowledge about the concerned record

and hence they could not get it earlier. When they got

such record they came with this application. I found this is

sufficient cause that despite due diligence the appellant

could not raised such aspect before the commencement of

trial. Thus, the application satisfied the proviso to Order

VI Rule 17 of the Code of Civil Procedure and in order to

have fair, proper and complete adjudication of the matter,

the application Ex.22 needs to be allowed. Hence, the

following order :Order

1) Application Exh.22 is hereby allowed.

2) The appellant shall carry out the necessary

amendment within 14 days from the date of this order.”

10. Shri A.M. Sudame, learned Counsel for the petitioners

would submit that the order impugned militates against the plain

language of Order VI Rule 17 of the Code. Shri A.M. Sudame would

submit that perusal of the application seeking permission to amend

would reveal that no attempt is made to plead much less demonstrate

that the facts pleaded were not within the knowledge of respondents 1 to 5, or that the respondents 1 to 5 could not have raised the matter

inspite of due diligence before the commencement of trial. Shri A.M. Sudame relies on the decision of the Hon'ble Apex Court in Revajeetu Builders and Developers v. Narayanswamy and Sons and others reported in (2009) 10 SCC 84 in which some basic principles which ought to be taken in to consideration while dealing with application for amendment are stated thus :

“63. On critically analysing both the English and Indian

cases, some basic principles emerge which ought to be taken

into consideration while allowing or rejecting the

application for amendment :

(1) whether the amendment sought is imperative

for proper and effective adjudication of the case;

(2) whether the application for amendment is

bona fide or mala fide;

(3) the amendment should not cause such

prejudice to the other side which cannot be compensated

adequately in terms of money;

(4) refusing amendment would in fact lead to

injustice or lead to multiple litigation;

(5) whether the proposed amendment

constitutionally or fundamentally changes the nature and

character of the case; and

(6) as a general rule, the court should decline

amendments if a fresh suit on the amended claims would be

barred by limitation on the date of application.

These are some of the important factors which may be kept

in mind while dealing with application filed under Order VI

Rule 17. These are only illustrative and not exhaustive.”

11. Shri A.M. Sudame then invites my attention to the

observations of the Hon'ble Apex Court in J. Samuel and others v.

Gattu Mahesh and others reported in (2012) 2 SCC 300 in paragraph

19 which read thus :

“19. Due diligence is the idea that reasonable

investigation is necessary before certain kinds of relief are

requested. Duly diligent efforts are a requirement for a

party seeking to use the adjudicatory mechanism to attain

an anticipated relief. An Advocate representing someone

must engage in due diligence to determine that the

representations made are factually accurate and sufficient.

The term “due diligence” is specifically used in the Code so

as to provide a test for determining whether to exercise the

discretion in situations of requested amendment after the

commencement of trial.”

12. The substratum of the submissions canvassed by Shri A.M.

Sudame is that it is not pleaded much less demonstrated that the

original plaintiffsrespondents

1 to 5 were not in a position to raise the

matter despite due diligence.

13. The submission of the learned Counsel Shri A.M. Sudame

that the order impugned militates against the plain language of the

statutory provision is not without substance. Paragraph 2 of the

application, which is reproduced supra states that the counsel was

perusing the record and came across the certified copies of mutation

entires which were not placed on record of the trial Court. In

paragraph 3, it is averred that recently on verification of the revenue

record respondents 1 to 5 gathered knowledge of the origin of the

ownership of the suit property. Be it noted, that there is no attempt

made in the said application to demonstrate that inspite of due

diligence the documents were not located or the knowledge of the

origin of the ownership of the suit property could not be gathered. The

date on which the revenue record was inspected is not disclosed. The

application is bereft of necessary particulars. The learned Counsel Shri

A.M. Sudame is justified in submitting that the order impugned is

unsustainable in law.

14. Shri A.S. Dhore, learned Counsel for respondents 1 to 5,

who is supporting the order impugned, invites my attention to the

decision of the Hon'ble Apex Court in Chakreshwari Construction

Pvt.Ltd v. Manohar Lal reported in 2017(5) Mh.L.J. 195, to buttress

the submission that amendment can be sought at any stage of the

proceedings provided the amendment proposed is bona fide, relevant

and necessary for deciding the rights of the parties involved in the suit.

The submission, as a proposition of law is unexceptionable. But then

the entitlement to seek leave to amend is subject to the rider and rigors

of the proviso to Rule 17 of Order VI of the Code.

15. Shri A.S. Dhore invites my attention to an application

seeking permission to place on record certain documents, which is

allowed by the appellate Court. The submission is, since the appellate Court has allowed the application seeking permission to produce the documents on record, and the said order is not challenged, this Court ought not to interfere with the order impugned. The submission is noted only for rejection. The application to which my attention is invited merely seeks permission to produce on record certain

documents. Concededly, no application is preferred under Order XLI

Rule 27 of the Code seeking permission to adduce additional evidence.

Shri A.S. Dhore then states that respondents 1 to 5 would prefer an

application under Order XLI Rule 27 of the Code. It is trite law that if

such application is preferred, the same shall have to be considered at

the time of final hearing of the appeal. If such application under Order

XLI Rule 27 of the Code is preferred, the same shall undoubtedly be

decided by the appellate Court on its own merits uninfluenced by any

observation made in this order or in the order impugned and in the

event such application under Order XLI Rule 27 of the Code is allowed,

respondents 1 to 5 would be at liberty to move an appropriate

application seeking permission to amend the suit plaint, which again

would have to be considered by the appellate Court on its own merits.

However, irrespective of the applications moved, the appellate Court

shall finally dispose of the appeal on or before 30112018.

16. The order impugned is quashed and set aside.

17. Rule is made absolute in the above stated terms.

JUDGE

Print Page

No comments:

Post a Comment