Saturday, 21 February 2015

Whether Free copy received by litigant can be filed along with appeal in place of certified copy?

Therefore we find that it will be in the interests of all

the parties to a claim, especially the claimants that the copy of

the award, which should be filed        along with the appeal as

envisaged in Rule 396 of the Rules should be authenticated and

should contain the particulars no.1 to 11 specified in Rule 254 of

the Civil Rules of Practice and therefore the free copy under

Section 168(2) cannot be accepted in substitute of the certified

copy. We find that issuing of copy of the judgement or award by

the court under Section 168(2) is not for the purpose of filing an


appeal and such an interpretation will not be in any way


beneficial to the parties, as the period of limitation runs from the


date of receipt of the copy. Therefore we do not find it necessary


to withdraw the directives contained in the judgment reported in




Habeeb Vs Sebastian supra.

 IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
 UNNUMB,MACA.No. 80 of 2011 ( )
          
SUNITHA SUKUMARAN, Vs   RANJU, S/O.NANU, 

      Coram:           T.R.RAMACHANDRAN NAIR,
         A.V.RAMAKRISHNA PILLAI & P.V ASHA, JJ.
          
                    ZM.A.C.A No.80 of 2011
         
          Dated this the 16th day of October, 2014

         Citation;AIR 2015 Kerala 24              

     Whether an appeal filed under Section 173 of the Motor

Vehicles Act, 1988 (hereinafter referred to as `the Act') should


be accompanied by a certified copy of the award/judgment or


whether it is sufficient to file the free copy issued under Section


168(2) of the Act, is the question referred to the Full Bench.


     2.    In the judgment reported in Habeeb v. Sebastian

T.C [ILR 2010 (4) Kerala 940], a Division Bench of this court,

after elaborately considering the various provisions in the Motor

Vehicles Act, Kerala Motor Vehicles Rules and Civil Rules of

Practice directed that all appeals preferred under Section 173 of

the Act after 1.1.2011 shall be accompanied by a certified copy

of the award and that appeals accompanied by free copy of the

award shall not be entertained after 1.1.2011.

     3.    Another Division Bench in its order dated 8.7.2011 in


an unnumbered MACA of 2011, found that the free copy of the

award is the statutory right of the claimant and therefore such

free copy issued must be held to be sufficient for all purposes

including filing of appeal and disagreed with the directives

issued in Habeeb v. Sebastian (supra). This Division Bench was

of the view that new generation enactments like Motor Vehicles

Act, the Family Courts Act, etc, do recognize the right of a

person to receive free copy of the decision rendered in the

litigation in which he is a party and that at least in respect of

such statutes which recognize such a right of the party to receive

a free copy,, such free copy should be held to be sufficient for all

purposes, and therefore the Tribunals which are constituted to

render rough and ready justice to the parties should be liberated

from the shackles of unnecessary procedural niceties The matter

is referred to the Full Bench under these circumstances.

      4.    In this context, an analysis of the various provisions

relating to the passing of award and the procedural formalities in

filing an appeal under the Act is necessary.

      5.    Section 168 of the Act provides that on receipt of a

claim for compensation, the Claims Tribunal shall, hold an

enquiry into the claim, with notice and opportunity of hearing to


the parties including insurer and may make an award

determining the amount of compensation which appears to it to

be just and specifying the person or persons to whom

compensation shall be paid and specifying the amount which

shall be paid by the insurer or owner or driver involved in the

accident. Section 168 (1) and (2) of the Act are as follows:

         "168. Award of the Claims Tribunal.--(1) On receipt
   of an application for compensation made under Section 166,
   the Claims Tribunal shall, after giving notice of the application
   to the insurer and after giving the parties (including the
   insurer) an opportunity of being heard, hold an inquiry into
   the claim or, as the case may be, each of the claims and,
   subject to the provisions of Section 162 may make an award
   determining the amount of compensation which appears to it
   to be just and specifying the person or persons to whom
   compensation shall be paid and in making the award the
   Claims Tribunal shall specify the amount which shall be paid
   by the insurer or owner or driver of the vehicle involved in the
   accident or by all or any of them, as the case may be:
      Provided that where such application makes a claim for
   compensation under Section 140 in respect of the death or
   permanent disablement of any person, such claim and any
   other claim (whether made in such application or otherwise)
   for compensation in respect of such death or permanent
   disablement shall be disposed of in accordance with the
   provisions of Chapter X.

     (2) The Claims Tribunal shall arrange to deliver copies of the
  award to the parties concerned expeditiously and in any case
  within a period of fifteen days from the date of the award."

     6.    Section 173 of the Act provides that any person

aggrieved by an award of the Claims Tribunal may within 90

days from the date of the award prefer an appeal to the High


Court. Section 173 of the Act reads as follows:

             "173. Appeals.--(1) Subject to the provisions of
       sub-section (2), any person aggrieved by an award of a
       Claims Tribunal may, within ninety days from the date of
       the award, prefer an appeal to the High Court."




Section 176 of the Act enables the State Government to make

rules for various purposes mentioned therein including the form

and manner in which an appeal may be preferred against an

award of the Claims Tribunal. Section 176 reads as follows:

           "176. Power of State Government to make rules:- A
     State Government may make rules for the purpose of
     carrying into effect the provisions of sections 165 to 174,
     and in particular, such rules may provide for all or any of
     the following matters, namely:-

           (a)   the   form    of   application   for  claims  for
     compensation and the particulars it may contain, and the
     fees, if any, to be paid in respect of such applications;
           (b) the procedure to be followed by a Claims Tribunal
     in holding an inquiry under this Chapter;
           (c) the powers vested in a Civil Court which may be
     exercised by a Claims Tribunal;
           (d) the form and the manner in which and the fees (if
     any) on payment of which an appeal may be preferred
     against an award of a Claims Tribunal; and
           (e) any other matter which is to be, or may be,
     prescribed."

In exercise of the powers conferred under various provisions

including Section 176 of the Act, Government of Kerala has

issued the Kerala Motor Vehicle Rules, 1989 (hereinafter



referred to as "the Rules"). Chapter X thereof consisting of Rules

371-398A deals with the powers of the Claims Tribunal,

procedure to be followed for adjudicating the claims, passing of

award, the appellate remedy, fees prescribed, etc. Rule 396 of

the Rules provides for appeal against the decision of the claims

Tribunal which reads as follows:

                  "396. Appeal against the decision of Claims

     Tribunal.--

     (1) An appeal against the award of a Claims Tribunal
     shall be preferred in the form of a memorandum stating
     concisely the grounds on which appeal is preferred.
     (2) It shall be accompanied by a copy of the judgment,
     the award appealed against, and the fee prescribed in
     sub-rule (3) of Rule 397.

                    
     7.    Thus it can be seen that the memoranda of appeal

against the award of the Claims Tribunal has to be accompanied

by a copy of the judgment, the award appealed against as well as

the fees prescribed.

     8.    In this context it is necessary to have a look at Rule

392 of the Rules which provides for judgment as well as award

by the Tribunal. This Rule provides that the Claims Tribunal in

passing orders, shall record concisely in a judgment, the findings


on each of the issues framed and the reasons for such findings

and make an award specifying the amount of compensation to be

paid by the insurer, or the owner in case where the vehicle is not

insured and also the person or persons to whom compensation

shall be paid. Sub Rule 3 provides that the Claims Tribunal shall

furnish copies of the judgment to the Secretary of the Regional

Transport Authority, the registering authority and the licensing

authority concerned for taking necessary action. Sub Rule 4

provides that the record of judgment, in respect of claims

exceeding Rs.5000/-,     shall contain the evidence which shall

either be verbatim or a reasonably complete and full memoranda

of testimony explaining the basis of compensation, the findings

on each such evidence and the reasons for such findings before

making an award specifying the amount of compensation. Rule

392 reads as follows:

            "392. Judgment and award of compensation:- (1)
      The Claims Tribunal in passing orders, shall record
      concisely in a judgment, the findings on each of the
      issues framed and the reasons for such findings and
      make an award specifying the amount of compensation
      to be paid by the insurer, or the owner in the case of
      vehicles which are not insured and also the person or
      persons to whom compensation shall be paid.
            (2)  Where compensation is awarded to two or
      more persons the Claims Tribunal shall also specify the
      amount payable to each of them.
            (3)  The Claims Tribunal shall furnish copies of


       the judgment as required to be recorded under sub-rule
       (1) to the Secretary of the Regional Transport Authority,
       the registering authority and the licensing authority
       concerned for taking such action as the authorities
       consider necessary against the drivers, conductors or
       owners or the vehicle involved in the accident.
             (4) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-
       rules (1) and (2) the record of judgment shall, in respect
       of claims exceeding five thousand rupees, contain the
       evidence which shall either be verbatim or a reasonably
       complete and full memoranda of testimony explaining
       the basis of compensation, the findings on each such
       evidence and the reasons for such findings, before
       making     an   award     specifying  the   amount      of
       compensation."

      9.    The procedure for filing an appeal is provided in Rule

396, as mentioned above. Rule 397 provides for the fees to be

remitted while filing the claim for compensation and for filing

appeal. Rule 398 provides that the rules relating to issue of

certified copies obtaining in the Civil Rules of Practice, Kerala

shall mutatis mutandis apply in the case of Claims Tribunal,

which reads as follows:

             "398. Certified copies:- The rules relating to the
      issue of certified copies obtaining in the Civil Rules of
      Practice, Kerala shall mutatis mutandis apply in the case
      of Claims Tribunal.
           

      10.    The procedure for issuing certified copies is provided

in Chapter VII of the Civil Rules of Practice, Kerala. Rule 239 (1)

provides that any person entitled to obtain a copy of any


proceeding or document filed in or in the custody of the Court,

shall present an application thereof as in Form Number 47

setting out the name of the applicant, his position in the suit or

proceeding if he is a party thereto, and the description of the

document of which copy is required. Provisions in Rule 239

relevant for the purpose of this case reads as follows:

           239: Application for copies:- (1) Any person
     entitled to obtain a copy of any proceeding or document
     filed in or in the custody of the Court, may present an
     application therefor as in Form No. 47 setting out the
     name of the applicant, his position in the suit or
     proceeding if he is a party thereto, and the description
     of the document of which copy is required.
   
           (3)Any party to the proceeding may, immediately
     after the judgment or order is pronounced, apply orally
     to the Court for a carbon copy or photostat copy thereof,
     and, if the court so directs, a carbon copy or photostat
     copy duly certified shall be issued to the party on his
     making an application for an urgent copy under Rule
     246 accompanied by the copying charges required by
     Rule 248.
           Provided    that   in   cases   where    the    State
     Government or the Central Government is a party, a
     carbon copy may be issued to the State Government or
     the Central Government, as the case may be, by the
     office free of cost, on receipt of a written requisition for
     the same.]
         

      11. Sub Rule 3 of Rule 239 of Civil Rules of Practice

provides for issuance of carbon copy, in case a party to the

proceedings orally applies to the court for the same immediately


after the pronouncement of the judgment or order and if the

court so directs and immediately thereupon that party submits

an application for an urgent copy thereof under Rule 246 and

remits the requisite court fee/charges as provided in Rule 248.

Rule 242 provides that a list of applications in which records are

received and the number of stamp papers required shall be

published in the notice board everyday and such list shall remain

suspended for 3 clear working days and that the applicant shall

supply the stamp paper called for, within the time fixed, failing

which application shall be struck off. Rule 244 provides that the

date for appearance of the applicant to receive the copy shall be

notified on the notice board. Rule 247 provides that the copies

notified in the notice board, shall be taken delivery within three

clear days. Rule 248 provides for copying charges to be supplied

in the shape of stamp papers/court fee stamp affixed in fullscap

paper. Rule 250 provides for production of stamp papers; Rule

253 provides that all copies furnished by the court shall be

certified to be true copy by the officer appointed for the purpose

and shall be sealed with the seal of the court. Rule 254 further

provides that every copy shall bear an endorsement by showing

the following particulars: Rules 253 and 254 read as follows:


          253. Sealing and certificate:- All copies furnished
   by the Court shall be certified to be true copies by the
   officer appointed for the purpose and shall be sealed
   with the seal of the Court.
          254. Endorsement of copies:- Every copy shall
   bear an endorsement initialled by the         21
                                                  [Fair Copy
   Superintendent or the Examiner, as the case may be],
   showing the following particulars:
          1. Name of the Court.
          2. Year and number of the suit or other
            proceeding.
          3. Name of the applicant.
          4. Number and date of the application.
          5. D ate of calling for stamp papers.
          6. Date of production of papers.
          7. Date of calling for additional papers.
          8. Date of production of additional papers.
          9. Date when copy was ready.
          10.Date notified for appearance to receive the
             copy.
          11.Date when copy was delivered."

     12. Thus on a reading of the provisions contained in

Chapter VII of the Civil Rules of Practice, Kerala, it can be seen

that all copies furnished by the court shall be certified to be true

copy and shall bear the seal of the court and such copies shall

have the endorsement relating to the name of the court, year and

number of the suit/other proceedings,             name of applicant,

number and date of application, date of calling for stamp papers,

date of production of stamp paper, date of calling for additional

papers, date of production of additional papers, date when it was

ready, date notified for appearance to receive the copy and the


date when copy was delivered.

      13. The carbon copy of a proceedings envisaged under

sub rule 3 of Rule 239 is to be issued on the basis of an

application by the party to the court immediately after

pronouncement of judgment/order and when the court issues a

direction in terms of such application and the party makes an

application for urgent copy under Rule 246 and remits the

copying charges. Rule 246 provides for preparation of all copies

of documents applied for in accordance with the serial order of

the applications and Rule 247 provides for delivery of copies,

after publication of the list where copy is ready for delivery in

the notice board. Rule 248 provides for copying charges to be

called for and supplied in the shape of court fee stamps/stamp

papers at the rate of one rupee for every 175 words. Rule 250

provides that the person producing stamp papers for copies shall

make an endorsement on the copy application showing the

number of stamp papers produced, and the examiner of copies

shall initial the same in token of receipt.

      14. In this context the provisions contained in Rules 41

and 42 of Kerala High Court Rules, 1971, are also relevant,

which read as follows:



     41.Papers to be filed with memoranda of appeals:-

     Every memorandum of appeal shall be accompanied by as
     many clear authenticated copies thereof as there are
     respondents to be served and by two additional copies for
     the use of the Court, by such papers as are referred to in
     the Code with regard to appeals, by the fees prescribed for
     service of notice on the respondents and by the particulars
     for service as set out in Form No. 3:
    
     42.Appeals barred by limitation:-
     Every Memorandum of Appeal or other proceeding which is
     presented after the expiration of the time limited by law,
     shall be accompanied by a petition to excuse the delay and
     as many copies thereof as there are respondents to be
     served and by two additional copies for the use of the
     Court, by the fees prescribed for service of notice of the
     petition on the respondents and by the particulars for
     service as in Form No. 3.


Under Rule 5(5) of the High Court Rules         'Code" means Civil

Procedure Code, 1908 or Criminal Procedure Code, 1898, as the case

may be.. The appeals against the award of the Motor Accident Claims

Tribunal are to be filed as per Rule 396 of the Kerala Motor Vehicle

Rules which mandates that a copy of the award shall accompany the

memoranda of appeal, exactly as in the case of an appeal under Order

XLI Rule 1 of Civil Procedure Code which reads as follows:

     1. Form of appeal. What to accompany memorandum.
     -- (1) Every appeal shall be preferred in the form of a
     memorandum signed by the appellant or his pleader and
     presented to the Court or to such officer as it appoints in
     this behalf. The memorandum shall be accompanied by a
     copy of the judgment.:
     Provided that where two or more suits have been tried
     together and a common judgment has been delivered


     therefor and two or more appeals are filed against any
     decree covered by that judgment, whether by the same
     appellant or by different appellants, the Appellate Court
     may dispense with the filing of more than one copy of the
     judgment.

On a combined reading of the provisions in Chapter X of the

Kerala Motor Vehicle Rules 1989 and the relevant provision in

the Motor Vehicles Act 1988, it can be seen that the appeal

memorandum should be accompanied by a copy of the judgment

and going by the provisions in Civil Rules of Practice and Kerala

High Court Rules and Civil Procedure Code mentioned above, a

copy of award which should accompany the appeal memoranda

should be understood as a certified copy. A carbon copy which is

issued in terms of an application made to the Judge immediately

after pronouncement of the judgment, followed by the

permission of the Judge and filing of application for urgent copy

along with requisite fee will also be authenticated though it may

not contain all the requisite details as to the date of application,

date of calling stamp papers, furnishing stamp papers and

delivery of the copy, etc. At the same time, under Rule 253 of the

Rules, all copies furnished by the court shall be certified to be

true copy by the officer appointed for that purpose and shall be

sealed with the seal of the court, with the endorsement as


provided in Rules 2 to 4.

      15. The learned counsel appearing for the appellant

argued that the copy referred to in Rule 396 should be the free

copy being sent to the party under Section 368 (2) of the Motor

Vehicles Act and that it is not necessary to produce the certified

copy of the judgment/award. In support of his contentions he

relied on the judgment reported in Shyamala Kumari vs Vijay

Lakshmi Amma [2011 (1) KLT 9] rendered by another Division

Bench. In that case, the issue considered was whether an appeal

under Section 18 of the Rent Control Act should be accompanied

by a certified copy of the impugned order/ judgment. In that

case the party had filed an appeal on the basis of the carbon

copy issued to him under Rule 239 (3) of the Civil Rules of

Practice, based on which an interim order staying execution

proceedings was granted. The court found that for all practical

purposes the carbon copy issued to the tenant in this case on the

basis of an oral request followed by an application submitted

immediately after the order was passed by the Rent Control

Court for the specific purpose of preferring an appeal is as good

as any other certified copy on the basis of which the appeal could

have been preferred. The issue considered therein was with



respect to the date to be reckoned for the purpose of calculating

the limitation period. This Court found that the distinction seen

between carbon copies and regular certified copies is that the

table of fees prepared on the basis of cost statements given to

the court by the party will be available only in the regular

certified copies. In this case the original tenant was issued with

a carbon copy for the purpose of preparing an appeal and

accordingly he preferred the appeal. In such circumstances, this

Court found that the question of limitation is to be answered on

the basis of the carbon copy and not on the basis of the certified

copy subsequently produced. This Court came to such a

conclusion, relying on the Single Bench judgment of this Court in

Tatha vs Paru reported in 1985 KLT 1069 and Joint

Agricultural Marketing Advisor Vs Baby reported in 1982

KLT 850 wherein it was held that for all practical purposes

including for the purpose of preferring appeal, carbon copy is as

good as a regular certified copy and that carbon copies issued

under Rule 239 (3) are copies duly certified by the court and

enjoys the presumption under Section 79 of the Evidence Act

regarding the genuineness of the copy as a copy of the original.

This Court arrived at that finding, after distinguishing the


judgment Chuppan Nadar Vs Sreedharan Thampi reported in

1992 (2) KLT 665, wherein it was held that an aggrieved party

need file an appeal only on the basis of the certified copy or

printed copy obtained by him and not on the basis of the copy of

operative portion of the judgment. It was a case where an appeal

filed on the basis of the certified copy of the judgment was

objected by the opposite party on the ground of delay saying that

period of limitation should be reckoned from the date on which

the appellant had obtained the certified copy of the last

paragraph of the judgment.

      16. But we find that the copy issued under Section 168 (2)

of the Act cannot be equated to the one issued under Rule 239

(3) of the Civil Rules of Practice, as the latter would have all the

endorsements required to be made in a certified copy. In this

case the award is dated 23-12-2010. The free copy which is

produced along with this appeal bears the seal of the Tribunal on

the 1st page of the award. There is an endorsement on the last

page that it is a true copy/true photocopy with signature dated

27-05-2011 of the Head Clerk. It does not contain any further

details, apparently because no such endorsements are required

in the case of free copy and on account of this, it is not feasible


to calculate the period of limitation for the purpose of filing an

appeal. It is also pertinent to note that the free copy itself is

issued after about 5 months of the award, while Section 168(2)

provides that it shall be issued within a maximum period of 15

days from the date of the award.

      17. The learned counsel relied on the judgment Joint

Agricultural Marketing Advisor Vs Baby [1982 KLT 851]

wherein a Division Bench of this Court, after considering the

provisions in Rule 128 of the High Court Rules, found that the

carbon copy issued under Rule 128 (2) based on oral application

of the party to the Court immediately after the pronouncement of

judgment, followed by the direction of the Court should be a

carbon copy duly certified and therefore such a carbon copy

issued by the Court is also a duly certified copy. This court found

that the idea behind the issuance of the carbon copy as well as

certified copy is that the party should get time from the date he

comes to know of the order and the period lost in applying the

earlier is counted and the period after receipt of the copy up to

the date of filing the appeal, is also reckoned for the purpose of

reckoning the period of limitation. In those circumstances, it was

held that the carbon copy issued to a party duly certified by the



court would be sufficient for the purpose of filing the appeal and

time should be reckoned with reference to such carbon copy if

such a carbon copy is received earlier than a certified copy.

Therefore it can be seen that the carbon copy referred to and

discussed in that case was the one issued under Rule 128 (2) of

the Kerala High Court Rules, (which is in pari materia with

R.239(3) of Civil Rules of Practice) which requires to be certified

whereas it is not necessary in the case of a copy being issued

under Section 168 (2) of the Act.

     18. The learned counsel further relied on the judgment in

Thatha vs Paru reported in 1985 KLT 1069, wherein it was

held that the carbon copy produced along with the appeal can be

treated as a certified copy of the order, if it contains the

necessary particulars by which its authenticity can be inferred

and as such presentation of the appeal with such carbon copy

can be treated as a valid presentation. In that case this court

found that all the particulars except for the certification were

available in the carbon copy, including the seal of the Court. It

was also observed that there Section 76 of Evidence Act did not

prescribe any form for certified copy; the pre-requisite is that it

should be authenticated and should contain all the particulars


from date of application till date of delivery of the copy;

therefore such carbon copies issued on directions from the court,

if filed along with appeal memorandum, should be entertained.

       19. The learned counsel relied on    the judgment     Smt.

Kaveri Roy and another Vs Bhagmat Tudu and another of

the High Court of Jharghand reported in 2005(3) TAC 395

wherein it was found that the certified copies of the judgment

being issued by the Tribunals did not contain the details of the

parties, valuation or costs awarded and therefore directions

were issued to include such details while issuing the judgments.

We do not find there anything which supports the contention of

the appellant herein.

       20. The learned counsel brought to our notice,          the

judgment of Orissa High Court in Oriental insurance company

Ltd vs Geetha Pareek & others [2009 (3) T. A. C 933 (Ori)]

wherein, after referring to the relevant provisions in Orissa

Motor Vehicles Rules relating to filing of appeal, it was held that

it is the certified copy of the award/judgment that is to be

produced along with the memorandum of appeal and not the

copy being issued under Section 168 (2) of the Act. The learned

Single Judge considered the judgments in AIR 1961 SC 832 and


Sakunthala Debi vs Kunthal Kumari and others reported in

AIR 1969 SC 575 wherein it was held that               decree and

judgment are public documents under Section 77 of the

Evidence Act and only certified copy can be produced in proof of

their contents and that memorandum of appeal is not validly

represented unless it is accompanied by certified copies of the

decree and judgment. We are in full agreement with the view

taken by the Orissa High Court that such certified copies shall be

produced in proof of the contents of the public documents

nevertheless in view of the fact that the copy which is being

produced should have evidentiary value.

      21. The isssue relatiing to requirement of certified copy is

seen considered by the Hon'ble Supreme court and this Court in

several cases including the following.

      22. The apex court in State of U.P. v. C. Tobit [AIR

1958 SC 414] considered the requirement of certified copy for

filing an appeal under Section 419 of the Code of Criminal

Procedure, which reads as follows:

      419. Every appeal shall be made in the form of a petition in

writing presented by the appellant or his pleader, and every such

petition shall (unless the Court to which it is presented otherwise


directs) be accompanied by a copy of the judgment or order appealed

against, and, in cases tried by a jury, a copy of the heads of the charge

recorded under Section 367."

     The sole question raised in this appeal is whether this
     section requires a petition of appeal to be accompanied by
     a certified copy of the judgment or order appealed from.
     The larger Bench (4 JJ) observed as follows:
     A "copy" may be a plain copy i.e. an unofficial copy or a
     certified copy i.e. an official copy. If a certified copy of the
     judgment is annexed to the petition of appeal nobody can
     say that the requirements of Section 419 have not been
     complied with, for a certified copy is nonetheless a "copy".
     That being the position a question of construction does
     arise as to whether the word "copy" used in Section 419
     refers to a plain copy or to a certified copy or covers both
     varieties of copy. It is well settled that "the words of a
     statute, when there is doubt about their meaning, are to be
     understood in the sense in which they best harmonise with
     the subject of the enactment and the object which the
     Legislature has in view. Their meaning is found not so
     much in a strictly grammatical or etymological propriety of
     language, nor even in its popular use, as in the subject or in
     the occasion on which they are used, and the object to be
     attained." (Maxwell's Interpretation of Statutes, 10th Edn.
     p. 52). In order, therefore, to come to a decision as to the
     true meaning of a word used in a Statute one has to enquire
     as to the subject-matter of the enactment and the object
     which the legislature had in view. This leads us to a
     consideration of some of the relevant sections of the Code
     of Criminal Procedure and other enactments having a
     material bearing on the question before us. xxxxx          xxxx
     xxxxxx

After considering various provisions in the Criminal Procedure

Code and Limitation Act and purpose and object lying behind the

provisions for appeal, it was held that



           "It will suffice for us to hold that so far as
     Section 419 is concerned, having regard to the
     context and the purpose of that section, the copy to be
     filed along with the petition of appeal must be a
     certified copy."


     23. In Sakunthala Debi vs Kunthal Kumari and

others reported in AIR 1969 SC 575 the Hon'ble Supreme


Court considered a case where an appeal was filed on 1st March

1967, along with a plain copy of the order in a partition suit,

saying that the certified copy of the order was not ready, though

application was file for the same. The certified copy was filed


only on 6th November 1967, after the opposite parties filed


objection on 25th October 1967. On December 22, 1967 the

High Court held that as the memorandum of appeal was not

accompanied by a certified copy of the order, the appeal was

incompetent, and that there was no sufficient ground for

condoning the delay in filing the copy. In para 2 of the judgment

the Hon'ble Supreme Court found as follows :

       "Section 96 of the Code Order 41 Rule 1 of the Code
    provides that every appeal shall be preferred in the form of
    a memorandum signed by the appellant or his pleader "and
    the memorandum shall be accompanied by a copy of the
    decree appealed from and (unless the appellate court
    dispenses therewith) of the judgment on which it is


    founded". Under Order 411 Rule the appellate court can
    dispense with the filing of the copy of the judgment but it
    has no power to dispense with the filing of the copy of the
    decree. A decree and a judgment are public documents and
    under Section 77 of the Evidence Act only a certified copy
    may be produced in proof of their contents. The
    memorandum of appeals is not validly presented, unless it
    is accompanied by certified copies of the decree and the
    judgment."



It was held therein that the memorandum of appeal should

have been accompanied by a certified copy of the order and in

the absence of the requisite copy the appeal was defective and

incompetent. However, in view of the circumstances of that case

where the appellant was bonafide prosecuting her attempts to

get certified copy, it was found that the application filed for

condoning delay in filing the certified copy should have been

allowed.

   24.     In the judgment P.A. Oommen v. Moran Mar

Baselius Marthomareported in AIR 1992 SC 1977, the apex

court was considering the question whether the certified copy

applied for and obtained by a party in one of the cases can be

accepted in appeals by others and whether they are entitled to

the benefit under the proviso to Order 41 Rule 1 of Civil

Procedure Code, under the proviso to Order 41 Rule 1 where



two or more suits have been tried together and a common

judgment has been delivered therefore and two or more appeals

are filed against any decree covered by that judgment, whether

by the same appellant or by different appellants, the appellate

Court may dispense with the filing of more than one copy of the

judgment.     The   High   Court    took   the   view    that the

plaintiffs/appellants cannot take advantage of the certified copy

of the judgment obtained by another person. And hence          in

calculating the period of limitation the Court can reckon time

only on the basis of the certified copy of the judgment and

decree produced in the case. The following observations made

by the apex court in that judgment is relevant in the context of

the case before us.

             "As for the printed copy of the judgment filed
       with the memorandum of appeal it does not contain
       the necessary particulars regarding the person who
       made the application, the date of application, the date
       of issue, the date notified for receiving the same as
       required in Rules 253 and 254 of the Civil Rules of
       Practice in order to entitle the appellants to claim
       extension of time under Section 12(3) of the
       Limitation Act. Confronted with this difficulty, the
       appellant and other plaintiffs in O.S. No. 105 of 1980
       sought to rely on the proviso to Order XLI Rule 1 CPC
       and to get the advantage of the time taken by the
       plaintiffs in O.S. No. 21 of 1979 in obtaining the
       certified copy of the common judgment. We are
       clearly of the view that there is no justification nor


      any basis for claiming such benefit and the High
      Court rightly dismissed the C.M.P. No. 32544 of
      1983."


  25.     In Jayrajan v. Sabitha [2011 (4) KLT 262], a

Division Bench of this Court after considering the provisions in

Family Courts Act, 1984 and the provisions contained in the

Family Courts (Procedure) Rules, 1989, held that an appeal

under Section 19 of the Family Courts Act need be accompanied

by the copy of the judgment which is certified to be the true copy

by the Court which passed the judgment and that the copy of the

judgment need not be one certified in terms of R.253 or 254 of

Civil Rules of Practice. Subsection 3 of Section 19 of the Family

Courts Act provides that every appeal under this section from

the judgments of Family Court shall be preferred within a period

of 30 days from the date of the judgment or order of a Family

Court. Rule 13 Family Court (Procedure) Rules, 1989 provides

that every appeal under under section 19 (1) of the act shall be

accompanied by a copy certified to be true copy by the court

which passed the judgment. On an analysis of the provisions

contained in the Family Courts Act and the rules framed

thereunder, this court found that the provisions of the Family


Courts Act have overriding effect over any other law, as provided

under Section 20 and that Family Court (Procedure) Rules are

framed by the High Court in exercise of its powers vested by

Section 21 and going by the Rule 11 of Procedure Rules, the free

copy to be furnished to the parties free of cost is sufficient for

filing appeals under the Act. Rule 10 of the Procedure Rules

provides that a copy of every judgment/order against which an

appeal lies under section 19 of the Act shall be given free of cost

to the parties. Sub rule (ii) thereof provides that at the top of the

first page of the judgment or order there shall be an

endorsement to the effect that an appeal can be preferred to the

High Court of Kerala within a period of 30 days from the date of

judgment/orders. This court found that the Procedure Rules

having been issued in exercise of the statutory power contained

in S.21 of the Act, would get the protection of S.20 and would,

therefore, have overriding effect over Civil Rules of Practice to

the extent of inconsistency and therefore Rules 253 and 254 of

therein would not apply to the copies issued by the Family Court.

This court noticed that the copy produced along the appeal was

certified to be a true copy by the Sheristadar, who is, the chief

ministerial officer of the court that passed the judgment and


hence there was due certification.

      26. But the copy being issued under Section 168(2)

does not contain the particulars required. There is no

procedure rules which even indicates that the certified

copy is not required. On the other hand under Rule 398 of

the Rules the provisions in Civil Rules of Practice are

made applicable to the proceedings under the Act and

Rules, unlike in the case of the Family Court Procedure

Rules.

      27.   In Ouso v. Cheekku reported in 2007 (1) KLT          61, a

learned Single Judge of this court considered the issue regarding

certified copy in a revision petition filed by an accused along with a

free copy. It was found that Rule 240 of the Criminal Rules of Practice

applies only to certified copies and not to "free copy" issued under

S.363(1) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, as Chapter XX of the

Criminal Rules of Practice in which Rule 240 occurs is named

"certified copies" whereas Rule 240 says "copy" only. Sub-s.(1) of

Section 363 provides for the issue of a copy of the judgment to the

accused free of cost immediately after pronouncement of the

judgment. Sub-s.(2) of S.363 provides for issue of a certified copy on

the application of the accused. The certified copy to be issued under


sub-s.(2) is also free of cost, in case, the judgment is appealable by the

accused. The proviso to sub-s.(2) states that where a sentence of

death is passed or confirmed by the High Court, a certified copy of the

judgment shall be immediately given to the accused free of cost

whether or not he applies for the same. Rule 109 of the Criminal

Rules of Practice states that the appellate court shall, when it

confirms or awards a sentence of imprisonment, furnish a copy of its

judgment to the accused free of cost. Section 382 of the Code of

Criminal Procedure provides that every appeal shall be made in the

form of a petition in writing and shall be accompanied by a copy of the

judgment or order appealed against. Section 382 does not mandate

that the appeal shall be accompanied by a certified copy of the

judgment. But Rule102 of the Criminal Rules of Practice provides that

every memorandum of appeal or Revision Petition shall be

accompanied by a certified copy of the judgment or order of the court.

It was found therein that a "free copy" issued under S.363(1) is also a

certified copy, since it is issued under seal of the court and is

certified as a true copy. This Court found that Rules 241 and 242

of the Civil Rules of Practice shall be followed, mutatis mutandis,

in the case of a copy to be issued under S.363 of the Code of

Criminal Procedure as well, if copy is not given to the accused

immediately after pronouncement of the judgment as provided in


S.363(1) of the Code of Criminal Procedure. It further found that

absence of the necessary endorsements on the copy of the

judgment makes it practically impossible to compute the period

of limitation.

     28. In Yesoda v. Narayanan reported in [1985 KLT 540

(F.B.)], the Full Bench of this Court was considering the issue

whether the appellant is entitled to exclude the time taken to

obtain a certified copy of the decree of the lower court, for filing

appeal under the Marriage Act. Under Section 21 of the

Marriage Act, all proceedings under the Act, shall be regulated,

by the Code of Civil Procedure. Under Order XLI of the Code the

memorandum of appeal has to be accompanied by a copy of the

decree. It was found that if, in an appeal, under the Code,

Section 12 of the Limitation Act will apply, the same result is

achieved in an appeal under the Marriage Act, as well, in view of

the legislative scheme adopted in Section 28 of the Act making

the decree "appealable as decrees of the court made in the

exercise of original jurisdiction. It was found that by long usage

the term "certified copy" has obtained a special meaning in view

of the provision in Section 76 of the Evidence Act; and that term,

when used in connection with an appeal and with reference to


the order against which the appeal is filed, has always been

understood as the copy which the party preferring the appeal

obtains under Section 76 of the Evidence Act on payment of the

necessary fee. It was held that Section 23(4) of the Hindu

Marriage Act only enables the applicant to obtain a copy free of

cost; but does not statutorily prescribe the time during which the

copy has to be delivered; S.23(4) does not advance the

contention of the appellant that the time required to obtain the

certified copy cannot be excluded. S.23(4) does not advance the

contention of the appellant that the time required to obtain the

certified copy cannot be excluded.

      29. In the case before us the Rules only provide for a copy

of the award/judgment to be accompanied with the memorandum

of appeal. The nature of the copy is not specified in the Rules.

But going by Section 74 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872,

documents forming the acts, records of the acts of official bodies

and Tribunals are public documents. Section 76 provides for the

procedure to be followed in issuing a certified copy, which forms

the duty of every public officer having the custody of a public

document to issue the same, as and when there is a demand for

the same on payment of fees. As per Section 77 of the Evidence



Act the contents of public documents can be proved on

production of certified copies of the same. Therefore, when the

Rules provide that the memorandum of appeal should be

accompanied by a copy of the award/judgment, such copy of

judgment referred to therein should be a certified copy. Section

76 of the Indian Evidence Act reads as follows:

              "76. Certified copies of public documents:-
        Every public officer having the custody of a public
        document, which any person has a right to inspect,
        shall give that person on demand a copy of it on
        payment of the legal fees therefor, together with a
        certificate written at the foot of such copy that it is
        a true copy of such document or part thereof, as the
        case may be, and such certificate shall be dated and
        subscribed by such officer with his name and his
        official title, and shall be sealed, whenever such
        officer is authorized by law to make use of a seal;
        and such copies so certified shall be called certified
        copies.
           Explanation:- Any officer who, by the ordinary
     course of official duty, is authorized to deliver such copies,
     shall be deemed to have the custody of such documents
     within the meaning of this section."In the present case
     the statute does not require that the copy being sent
     to the party under Section 168 (2) should be
     authenticated.

Even if it bears the seal of the Tribunal, it would not bear the

details as required in Rule 254 of the Civil Rules of Practice. For

the purpose of calculating the period of limitation for filing

appeal, these particulars are essential. Under Section 12(2) of

the Limitation Act, the period between date of application and



date of receipt of certified copy of the award is liable to reckoned

for calculating the period of Limitation. Relevant portion of

Section 12 reads as follows:

         12. Exclusion of time in legal proceedings.--(1)
      
         (2) In computing the period of limitation for an appeal
      or an application for leave to appeal or for revision or for
      review of a judgment, the day on which the judgment
      complained of was pronounced and the time requisite for
      obtaining a copy of the decree, sentence or order
      appealed from or sought to be revised or reviewed shall
      be excluded..

      30. It is pertinent to note that the copy of the award which

is required to be delivered by the Tribunal under Section 168 (2)

does not insist for any of the details to be endorsed on it. There

is a specific provision for filing appeal i.e, Section 173 of the Act,

the procedure for which is provided in Chapter X of the Rules,

according to which the provisions in Civil Rules of Practice are

applicable mutatis mutandis. When there is a specific provision,

which makes the provisions in Civil Rules of Practice applicable,

we are of the view that it is a certified copy of the

award/judgment       which      should   accompany        the     appeal

memorandum and the word "copy" appearing in Rule 396 of the

Rules is to be read and understood as certified copy, in terms of

the provisions contained in Civil Rules of Practice, which is also



made applicable. We do not find any reason to interpret the

provision in Section 168 (2) to mean that an appeal under

Section 173 can be filed along with the copy of the award to be

sent by the Tribunal to the party dehors the provisions in Civil

Rules of Practice, which is specifically made applicable to the

proceedings in the Tribunal as well as the appellate court, which

may or may not contain the authentication, the details of date of

application, date of calling stamp, date of delivery etc.

     31. Therefore we find that it will be in the interests of all

the parties to a claim, especially the claimants that the copy of

the award, which should be filed        along with the appeal as

envisaged in Rule 396 of the Rules should be authenticated and

should contain the particulars no.1 to 11 specified in Rule 254 of

the Civil Rules of Practice and therefore the free copy under

Section 168(2) cannot be accepted in substitute of the certified

copy. We find that issuing of copy of the judgement or award by

the court under Section 168(2) is not for the purpose of filing an

appeal and such an interpretation will not be in any way

beneficial to the parties, as the period of limitation runs from the

date of receipt of the copy. Therefore we do not find it necessary

to withdraw the directives contained in the judgment reported in



Habeeb Vs Sebastian supra.

     The reference is answered accordingly.



                                                Sd/-
                                      T.R.RAMACHANDRAN NAIR
                                               Judge


                                               Sd/-
                                      A.V.RAMAKRISHNA PILLAI
                                              Judge


                                                Sd/-
                                              P.V.ASHA
                                               Judge



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