Sunday, 14 September 2014

Whether purchaser is bound to take permission from competent authority to sale Inam land?


 Held, according to Deputy Collector Inam lands regranted to occupant under Section 6 of the Act, 1954, could be sold with prior permission of Collector under Section 6(3) of the Act, 1954 and land other than Inam could be sold to any person with permission of Competent Authorities under Section 47 of the Act, 1950 - However, after amendment of Section, no permission was required to be obtained for sale of agricultural lands - Moreover, both purchasers had not obtained permission from Collector - Thus, regularization by subsequent purchaser was without title or interest in land - Hence, transaction between land holders and Appellant was itself illegal - It could not be said that Plaintiffs vendor had no absolute title to pass to Plaintiff - It was an Inam land or that for want of permission by vendor and transaction of Plaintiff was without any title - Therefore, finding of Court below about not accepting validation certificate in favour of Defendant was based on findings recorded by Deputy Collector and validation in favour of Defendant for sale-deed was rightly declared as illegal - Appeal dismissed.
"Purchaser is bound to take permission from competent authority to sale Inam land."

  IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE OF BOMBAY
BENCH AT AURANGABAD
SECOND APPEAL NO.247 OF 1993
Narayan Madhavrao Warkhinde,

1­A: Mathurabai w/o Narayanrao Warkhinde,

VERSUS

Mogiya Lalya,

 CORAM: K.U. CHANDIWAL, J.
     Citation: 2011(1)BomCR420,2010 (4) MHLJ 986.    
  
Date of pronouncing 
the order/judgment:27/4/2010


2. Regular Civil Suit No.3/1989 was decided 
1. 
by   the   learned   Civil   Judge,   Senior   Division, 
Biloli,   who   partly   decreed   the   suit.     Being 
aggrieved   by   the   same   Regular   Civil   Appeal   No.
179/1992 was preferred before the 4th Additional 
District   Judge,   Nanded,   who   decreed   the   suit 
accepting entitlement of the plaintiff to recover 
entire   suit  land   from   the   defendant.     The   first 
appellate   Court   also   declared   the   sale   deed   in 
favour   of   the   defendant   dt.17th   Sept.,1968, 
relating to suit land as illegal.
3.
:FACTS:
The parties are referred with the status 
`plaintiff'   and   `defendant'.     Plaintiff   sought 
possession of suit land based on a sale deed dt.
6th Sept.,1965, having purchased it from Bapurao 

and   Narsingrao   for   Rs.2500/­   under   a   valid 
permission   from   the   Deputy   Collector.       The 
plaintiff   asserted,   possession   of   the   land   was 
taken at the time of execution of the sale deed. 
It   is   alleged,   the   defendant,   in   collusion   with 
Talathi,   got   his   name   entered   in   record   of 
rights.
From the suit land, 1 acre 20 gunthas is 
4.

Madat Mash and 12 acres is Khalasa Inam land, as 
is   evident   from   the   Deputy   Collector's   and 
5.
Commissioner's orders ( Exhs.122 and 132).   
SUBMISSIONS
Mr.Deshmukh submits,  original owner was 
not   made   party   to   the   proceedings   by   the 
plaintiffs.       There   could   not   be   a   delivery   of 
possession in favour of plaintiff ( respondent to 
the appeal) on 6.9.1965, as there was no mutation 
in   revenue   record   since   1965   and,   consequently, 
in   the   year   1968,   the   defendant/appellant   has 
purchased   the   agricultural   field.      There   was   a 
valid   permission   in   favour   of   the   appellant   dt.
30.12.1976 by the competent authority and, in the 
light   of   such   permission,   the   appellant 
( defendant) had perfected his title to the suit 
property.       The   title       of   the   plaintiff 
(   respondent)   is   restricted   title   as   the   pre­
requisite   of   the   transaction   was   a   permission 
from the competent authorities, it being a Madat 

The   appeal   is   admitted   on   20th   August, 
6.
Mash Inam and Khalsa Inam land.
1993,   vide   ground   Nos.   5,   6,   8,   9,   10   and   12 
mentioned hereinafter.
"5.
The vendor of the plaintiff has 
no   absolute   title   to   pass   to   the 
Plaintiff being Inam land.

6.
Since   no   permission   was 
obtained by the vendor of the Plaintiff, 
the   impugned   say   does   not   convey   any 
title to the Plaintiff. 
8.
The   plaintiff   had   not   sought 
for   relief   of   validation   certificate 
regarding the suit land.
9.
The   Civil   Courts   has   no 
jurisdiction   to   decide   question   as   to 
whether the sale transaction requires to 
be validated.
10.
The   Court   below   had   shown 
jurisdiction not vested in it to decide 
as to which of the two sale deed should 
be preferred for validation.
12.
The   Court   below   also   travelled 
beyond its legal authority to hold that 
validation   certificate   issued   in   favour 
of the Defendant regarding the sale deed 
dated 17th June 1968 is illegal."
7.
Mr.   Godhamgaonkar,   Counsel,   appearing 
for the respondent ( original plaintiff) asserts, 
the transaction of plaintiff is not vitiated even 
if no permission was obtained from the competent 

authorities. No permission was required for sale 
of Khalsa land.   The defendant was a Gram Sevak, 
he   prevailed   over   the   vendor,   got   sale­deed   on 
17th   September,   1968   and   successfully   tried   to 
effect   mutation,   same   was   questioned   before   the 
Deputy Collector, consequently, possession of the 
land was taken over by the Government in terms of 
Section   145   of   Cr.P.C.       The   proceedings   are 
terminated   in   favour   of   the   respondent 

(plaintiff).   There was a delivery of possession 
in favour of the plaintiff, reflected in the sale 
deed.     It   was   so   confirmed   by   the   Deputy 
Collector in the proceedings.
OBSERVATION :
8.
The sale deed in favour of the plaintiff 
( respondent) is at Exh.107.  It is attached with 
a   permission   granted   by   the   Deputy   Collector, 
Degloor,   on   3rd   Sept.,1965   under   Section   47   of 
the Hyderabad Tenancy and Agricultural Lands Act 
(No.2   of   1950)   for   alienation.       This   document 
illustrates   that   the   vendor   Bapurao   Mahadu   and 
Narsinga   Mahadu     conveyed   absolute   title   in 
favour   of   the   plaintiff   for   entire   13   acres   20 
gunthas   of   the   land,   with   a   recital   that   its 
possession   was   handed   over   to   the   plaintiff   as 
owner.
9.
On the other hand, the sale deed of the 
defendant   (appellant)   Narayanrao,   from   the   same 
vendor   Bapurao   and   Narsingrao,   for   13   acres   20 

gunthas   of   the   land,   for   Rs.4,000/­,   dt.
17.9.1968,   is   without   affording   any   permission 
from   the   competent   authorities   with   an 
inscription   that   such   permission   is   not 
warranted.      The fact remains,  the sale deed in 
respect   of   the   suit   land   in   favour   of   the 
plaintiff   (  Exh.107)   was   first   in   time   than  the 
sale   deed   dt.17.9.1968   (   Exh.108)   in   favour   of 
the   defendant   Narayanrao.       The   defendant,   in 

arrogance of his power purchased the land already 
sold,   he   cannot   be     a   authority   to   brand 
plaintiffs sale­deed to be void and hence to have 
a   mileage   on   the   situation.   Section   48   of 
Transfer   of   Property   Act   ordains   to   accept 
supremacy   of   the   former   sale   deed   in   all   the 
terms   than   the   later.     The   transferor   cannot 
prejudice   the   rights   of   transferee   by   any 
subsequent dealing with the property. Section 48 
of the Transfer of Property Act reads as under :
"48.PRIORITY OF RIGHTS CREATED BY 
    TRANSFER:
Where   a   person   purports   to 
create   by   transfer   at   different 
times   rights   in   or   over   the   same 
immovable   property,   and   such   rights 
cannot  all exist or be exercised to 
their   full   extent   together,   each 
later   created   right   shall,   in   the 
absence   of   a   special   contract   or 
reservation   binding   the   earlier 
transferees,   be   subject   to   the 
rights previously created. "

Now,   the   submission  of   Mr.Deshmukh   that 
10.
the   transaction   of   the   plaintiff   was   devoid   of 
permission, and could not survive in the eyes of 
law, needs again to be evaluated.
11.
Based on the controversies raised by the 
parties in Special Civil Suit No.58/1975, learned 
Civil   Judge,   Senior   Division,   has   referred   the 
issues   to   the   learned   Deputy   Collector   (LR), 

Nanded, under Section 2­A of Hyderabad Abolition 
of   Inams   and   Cash   Grants   Act,   1954,   formulating 
following three issues:
"(1) What   is   the   nature   of   Inam   of 
the   suit   land   survey   No.53 
admeasuring   13   acres   20   gunthas   of 
Goundgaon.
(2) Whether   this   land   may   be 
alienated with or without permission 
of the Collector.
(3) Whether   the   plaintiff   was 
entitled

to

the

validation 
certificate in preference to that of 
the defendants."
12.
On   analysis   of   the   evidence   and   the 
legal   position,   the   learned   Deputy   Collector, 
crystallized   the   issues   answering   that   only   1 

acre   20   gunthas   of   land   out   of   survey   No.53, 
situate   at   Goundgaon,   taluka   Degloor,   is   Madat 
treated as Khalsa land.
Mash   and   the   remaining   area   (   12   acres)   can   be 
So   far   as   issue 
No.2   is   concerned,   he   has   observed,   that   the 
ownership of the Inam land, which is re­=granted 
to   the   occupant,   dt.1.7.1960   is   restricted;   he 
cannot   sale,   transfer   or   mortgage   or   partition 
without   prior   permission   of   the   Collector,   the 

occupancy   of   the   Inam   lands   have   been   regranted 
to   the   occupants   on   the   nominal   price   i.e.   six 
times of assessment to the Inamdars and, Kabij­E­
Kadim,   eight   times   of   the   assessment   of   the 
assessment   to   the   protected   tenant   and   12   times 
of   the   assessment   to   the   ordinary   tenant. 
According to the learned Deputy Collector, hence, 
Inam   lands   re­granted   to   the   occupant   under 
Section 6 of the Hyderabad Abolition of Inams and 
Cash   Grants   Act,   1954,   can   be   sold   with   prior 
permission of the Collector under Section 6(3) of 
the Hyderabad Abolition of  Inams and Cash Grants 
Act, 1954 and the land other than the Inam can be 
sold   to   any   person   with   permission   of   the 
competent   authorities   under   Section   47   of   the 
Hyderabad   Tenancy   and   Agricultural   Lands   Act, 
1950.       After   amendment   of   the   Section,   no 
permission   now   is   required   to   be   obtained   for 
sale of agricultural lands.     The learned Deputy 
Collector   has   also   observed   that,   the   case   of 
plaintiff   can   be   regularized   after   obtaining 

In the present case, both the purchasers 
13.
amount of 20 times of assessment as NAZARANA.  
have not obtained permission from the Collector. 
The   regularization   in   the   year   1976   by   the 
subsequent   purchaser   Narayanrao   is   without   title 
or   interest   in     the   land.       Hence,   the 
transaction   between   the   land   holders   and   Shri 
Narayanrao (appellant) is itself illegal.  On the 

other hand, the sale transaction with permission 
of   Deputy   Collector,   Degloor,   in   favour   of   Shri 
Mogiya   Lalya   (plaintiff)   can   be   held   as   lawful 
and   legal.       The   regularization   can   be   made   to 
the   extent   of   1   acre   20   gunthas   which   has   been 
amount   of 
treated as Inam land after obtaining  
NAZARANA   of   20   times   of   assessment   of   the   land 
revenue.   
14.
This   order   of   the   learned   Deputy 
Collector   was   questioned   by   defendant/appellant 
Narayanrao   before   the   Appellate   forum   Additional 
Commissioner,   Aurangabad,     however,   before   the 
appellate   forum     present   appellant   Narayanrao 
lost.       Thus,   the   permission   in   favour   of   the 
plaintiff by the Deputy Collector, under Section 
47   of   the   Hyderabad   Tenancy   and   Agricultural 
Lands Act was treated to be valid.     This order 
of   the   learned   Additional   Commissioner   has 
reached   finality   as   it   has   answered   the   issue 
formulated   by   the   learned   Civil   Judge,   Senior 

The   permission   subsequently   sought   by 
15.
Division.
the   defendant   dt.30.12.1976   under   the   banner   of 
validation   certificate   was   not   at   all   required 
and   it   could   not   prevail   upon   the   original 
permission in favour of the plaintiff having been 
confirmed   by   the   Deputy   Collector   and   by   the 
Section   29   of   Maharashtra   Land   Revenue 

16.
Additional Commissioner on 9.2.1987.
Code,   1966,  conceive   occupants   as   (a)   Class  I   , 
(b) Class   II   and   (c)   Government   lessee.       The 
Class I occupants shall consist of persons who ­
(a) hold   unalienated   land   in   perpetuity   and 
without any restrictions on the right to transfer 
and (b)
immediately   before   the   commencement   of 
this   Code   hold   land   in   full   occupancy   or 
Bhumiswami rights without any restrictions on the 
right   to   transfer   in   accordance   with   the 
provisions of any law relating to land revenue in 
force in any part of the State immediately before 
such commencement. 
Under   Section   58   of   the   Hyderabad   Land 
Revenue   Act,   occupancy   right   to   land   shall   be 
deemed to be heritable and transferable ( Act No.
9 of 1309 Fasali).
17. CONCLUSIONS:
  Taking   survey   of   above   facts,   it   could 
not   be   said   that   the   plaintiffs   vendor   had   no 

absolute   title   to   pass   to   the     plaintiff,   it 
being an Inam land or that for want of permission 
by   the   vendor,   the   transaction   of   the   plaintiff 
is without  any title.    It is not necessary  that 
the plaintiffs should have sought declaration of 
validation   certificate   regarding   the   suit   land, 
as it is beyond the scope of Civil Court.     The 
Civil Court justifiably referred the matter about 
requisition   of   permission,   for   adjudication   to 

the  competent   authorities.       The   finding   of  the 
Court   about   not   accepting   the   so   called 
validation certificate in favour of the defendant 
was based on the findings recorded by the learned 
Deputy Collector and the Additional Commissioner, 
consequently, the so called validation of 1976 in 
favour   of   the   defendant   for   sale   deed   dt.17th 
June,   1968,   was   rightly   declared   as   illegal. 
There   is   no   deflection   of   main   issues   by   the 
courts.
The   substantial   questions   of   law 
formulated   from   the   grounds   referred   above   are 
answered against appellant (defendant).     Second 
Appeal lacks merit, dismissed, with costs.

(K.U.CHANDIWAL)
JUDGE



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