Wednesday, 2 October 2013

Muslim wife can claim maintenance u/s 12 Domestic violence Act till she remarries



Thus   cumulative   effect   of   these   provisions 
illustrate,   even   if   remedies   are   a   available   under 
Section   4   of   Muslim   Women   (Protection   of   Rights   on 
Divorce)Act, 1986, it will not obliterate and defuse 

the provisions of Section 12 of the DV Act for a wife 
to   stake   claim. 

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE OF BOMBAY
BENCH AT AURANGABAD
CRIMINAL WRIT PETITION NO.562 OF 2011 

Parvin Firoz Shaikh

      VERSUS

Firoz Sharfuddin Shaikh,

CORAM :  K.U.CHANDIWAL,J.
DATE  :        
27th February,2013.

Citation;2013 ALL M R(cri)3103
 

Petitioner   No.1  Smt.   Parvin  was  married  to 
Respondent   No.1   Firoz.     She   had   applied   to   the 
learned   Chief   Judicial   Magistrate,   Osmanabad   for 
maintenance   and   consequential   benefits   under   the 
provisions   of   Section   12   of   The   Protection   of   Women 
ig
from   Domestic   Violence   Act,   2005   (for   short,   the   DV 
3)
Act).
The   learned   Chief   Judicial   Magistrate 
allowed   the   application   and   directed   the   respondent 
and his parents not to cause domestic violence to the 
petitioners.     The   respondent   was   directed   to   pay   an 
amount of   Rs.2,000/­ per month to petitioner No.1 – 
Parvin   and   Rs.1,000/­   per   month   to   Petitioner   No.2 
Vasim   and   Petitioner   No.3   –   Muskan,   as   maintenance. 
The  respondent  was directed  to pay an amount  of Rs.
1,000/­   per   month   towards   rental   charges   for 
accommodation.
4)
In   Criminal   Appeal   No.66/2010,   the   learned 
Additional   Sessions   Judge,   Osmanabad   allowed   the 
appeal   and   set   aside   the   order   of   maintenance, 
referred to above on the ground that there had been a 
talaq   on   9.11.2009   by   Respondent   No.1   to   the 
petitioner   and   the   application   under   Section   12   of 
the   DV   Act   was   moved   on   24.11.2009,   and   not 
maintainable. 

Section   12   of   the   DV   Act   provides   the 
5)

avenues   to   aggrieved   person   for   rights.   Section   26 
thereof reads as under :
"26. Relief   in   other   suits   and   legal 
proceedings, ­
(1) Any relief available under sections 18, 
19, 20, 21 and 22 may also be sought in any 
legal   proceedings,   before   a   civil   Court, 
family  Court  or a criminal  Court,  affecting 
the   aggrieved   person   and   the   respondent 
whether such proceeding was initiated before 
or after the commencement of this Act.
ig
(2) Any  relief   ref  erred  to  in  sub­section 
(1)   may   be   sought   for   in   addition   to   and 
along   with   any   other   relief   that   the 
aggrieved   person   may   seek   in   such   suit   or 
legal  proceeding  before  a civil  or criminal 
Court.
(3) in case any relief has been obtained by 
the   aggrieved   person   in   any   proceedings 
other than a proceeding under this Act, she 
shall   be   bound   to   inform   the   Magistrate   of 
the grant of such relief."
6)
Section 36 of the said Act reads as under:
"36. Act not in derogation of any other law, 
­   The   provisions   of   this   Act   shall   be   in 
addition   to,   and   not   in   derogation   of   the 
provisions   of   any   other   law,   for   the   time 
being in force."
7)
Section   20   contemplates   monetary   relief   to   the 
aggrieved   person   as   a   result   of   domestic   violence. 
There is no in­built inhibition.
8)
Thus   cumulative   effect   of   these   provisions 
illustrate,   even   if   remedies   are   a   available   under 
Section   4   of   Muslim   Women   (Protection   of   Rights   on 
Divorce)Act, 1986, it will not obliterate and defuse 

the provisions of Section 12 of the DV Act for a wife 
to   stake   claim.     This   legal   position   was   kept   in 
9)
wrapper by the learned Additional Sessions Judge.
Even   if   the   respondent   has   allegedly 
divorced   the   petitioner,   his   liability   to   maintain 
the wife or the children till she re­marries, is not 
squeezed or deflated.   In fact, in the instant case, 
the learned Chief Judicial Magistrate has elaborately 
discussed   that   the   divorce   is   not   proved.   The 

evidence of the respondent unfolds that on 6.`10.2008 
and   10.7.2009,   he   extended   single   talaq   to   the 
petitioner Parvin by stating – "Parvin Mai Tuze Talaq  
Deta   hoon".    He   allegedly   uttered   last   talaq   on 
9.11.2009   at   Yedshi  in   presence  of   Lal   Khan,   Bashir 
and Shabbir. Shabbir and Bashir supported the version 
of   Respondent   –   Firoz   regarding   talaq   to   the 
petitioner,   but   evidence   illustrate   that   these 
witnesses   had   been   to   Parvin   to   insist   her   for 
cohabitation   and   when   she   refused,   the   respondent 
uttered a single talaq on 9.11.2009 and it was made 
final. It is pertinent, wife has disputed Talaq.
10)
The Full Bench of this Court in the matter 
of  Dagdu   Chotu   Pathan   Vs.   Rahimbi   Dagdu   Pathan   and  
Ors – 2002 (3) Mh.L.J.  602, has explained the legal 
position. The Full Bench considered the provisions of 
Section     125   of   Cr.P.C.   And   provisions   of   Muslim 
Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act, 1986 and 
observed about eligibility of entitlement of the wife 
to   claim   maintenance.   The   factum   of   talaq   and   the 
stages,   it   has   preceded   are   also   required   to   be 

proved   before   the   court,   if   disputed   by   the   wife. 
Mere   intention   of   the   husband   while   making   such 
statement before the Court, cannot be accepted to be 
a   valid   talaq   from   the   date   of   such   statement   was 
made before the Court in any form.
11)
The   Hon'ble   Apex   Court   in   the   matter   of 
Shabana Bano Vs. Imran Khan ­ 2010 (1) SCC 666 : 2009  
DGLS   (Soft)   1281,   explained   the   legal   position   in 
tune   with   Muslim   Women   (Protection   of   Rights   on 
ig
Divorce)   Act,   and   in   particular   Sections   4   and   5 
thereof.   The   Hon'ble   Lordships   in   paragraphs   27,   29 
and 30 has observed as under,­
"27.   The   appellant's   petition   under 
Section   125   of   the   Cr.P.C.   would   be 
maintainable before the Family Court as 
long as appellant does not remarry. The 
amount   of   maintenance   to   be   awarded 
under Section 125 of the Cr.P.C. cannot 
be restricted for the iddat period only.
29.   Cumulative   reading   of   the   relevant 
portions   of   judgments   of   this   Court   in 
Danial   Latifi   (supra)   and   Iqbal   Bano 
(supra) would make it crystal clear that 
even   a   divorced   Muslim   woman   would   be 
entitled   to   claim   maintenance   from   her 
divorced   husband,   as   long   as   she   does 
not   remarry.   This   being   a   beneficial 
piece   of   legislation,   the   benefit 
thereof   must   accrue   to   the   divorced 
Muslim women. 
30.   In   the   light   of   the   aforesaid 
discussion,   the   impugned   orders   are 
hereby set aside and quashed. It is held 
that   even   if   a   Muslim   woman   has   been 
divorced, she would be entitled to claim 
maintenance   from   her   husband   under 
Section   125   of   the   Cr.P.C.   after   the 
expiry of period of  iddat  also, as long 
as she does not remarry." 

The Constitution bench in the matter of 
12)

Danial Latifi Vs. Union of India – 2001 AIR (SC)  
3958 in paragraph 36 observed as under :
"36. While   upholding   the   validity   of 
the Act, we may sum up our conclusions:
ig
1)   a   Muslim   husband   is   liable   to   make 
reasonable   and   fair   provision   for   the 
future   of   the   divorced   wife   which 
obviously   includes   her   maintenance   as 
well.   Such   a   reasonable   and   fair 
provision   extending   beyond   the   iddat 
period   must   be   made   by   the   husband 
within   the   iddat   period   in   terms   of 
Section 3(1)(a) of the Act.
2)   Liability   of   Muslim   husband   to   his 
divorced   wife   arising   under   Section 
3(1)(a)   of   the   Act   to   pay   maintenance 
is not confined to iddat period.
3) A divorced Muslim woman who has not 
remarried   and   who   is   not   able   to 
maintain herself after iddat period can 
proceed as provided under Section 4 of 
the   Act   against   her   relatives   who   are 
liable to maintain her in proportion to 
the   properties   which   they   inherit   on 
her death according to Muslim law from 
such   divorced   woman   including   her 
children   and   parents.   If   any   of   the 
relatives   being   unable   to   pay 
maintenance,   the   Magistrate   may   direct 
the  State   Wakf   Board   established   under 
the Act to pay such maintenance.
4)   The   provisions   of   the   Act   do   not 
offend   Articles   14,   15   and   21   of   the 
Constitution of India."
13)
Thus,   the   talaq   must   be   for   a   reasonable 
cause;  it should not be at the whims and fancies  of 
the husband.  The object and scope of the DV Act is to 
ensure maintenance to those, who need such protective 
shelter   from   the   person   under   an   obligation.   The 

petitioner obviously has to maintain two children out 
of   the   wedlock,   infirm,   embattled   and   hapless. 
Naturally,   the   whims   of   the   husband/respondent   would 
not be permitted to deflate the provisions of the DV 
Act,   which   provides   a   room   to   claim   maintenance, 
notwithstanding the effect of Section 4 of the  Muslim 
Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act, 1986.
In  V.D.Bhanot Vs. Savita  Bhanot – 2012 (2)  
14)

Bom.C.R.(Cri.)   362,   the   Supreme   Court   considered   the 
provisions of Section 12, 18, 19   of the DV Act and 
observed, the   provisions of the Act would come into 
operation  in the light of Section 3 of the Act with 
retrospective  effect.  The conduct  of parties in past 
of   coming   into   force   of   the   Act   has   a   bearing   on 
application under Section 12 of the Act.
15)
In   the   set   of   above   facts,   I   have   no 
hesitation to hold that the provisions of the DV Act 
would   operate   the   field  for  staking  claim   even   to   a 
divorced   muslim   woman/wife   in   terms   of   Section   12 
thereof,   until   she   re­marries.   To   repeat,   in   the 
instant case, the evidence of talaq itself is scanty 
and could not be accepted.
16)
In   the   result,   the   order   of   learned 
Additional   Sessions   Judge,   Osmanabad   in   Criminal 
Appeal   No.66/2010   dated   19.5.2011   is   set   aside   and 
that   of   the   learned   Chief   Judicial   Magistrate 
Osmanabad dated 26.8.2010 is maintained with costs.

Rule   is   made   absolute   in   the   aforesaid 
terms.
                                      
  
        
sd/­
(K.U.CHANDIWAL)
   


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